【#第一文档网# 导语】以下是®第一文档网的小编为您整理的《连词的用法-英语语法[整理版]》，欢迎阅读！
使用被动语态的三种情况 被动语态的使用主要见于以下几种情况： 1. 语义的需要：当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时,常用被动语态,这时往往不用by短语.如： The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday. 昨天,教室的前窗被打破了.<不知谁打破的> They have been poorly paid.他们的工资太低.<没必要指出工资是谁付的> 2. 强调的需要：突出或强调动作的承受者,如果需要说出动作的执行者,用by短语.如： The time-table has been changed .时间表已变动了.<要突出的是"时间"> These books are written especially for children.这些书是专门为孩子们写的.<强调的是"这些书"> 3. 交际的需要：为了使语言得体或圆滑等不愿意说出动作的执行者.如： You are requested to make a speech at next meeting.请您在下次会议上作个发言. It is said that she is going to be married to a foreigner.据说她要嫁给一个外国人. 4. 修辞的需要：出于修辞的原因,或是说为了更好地安排句子.如： It is generally considered impolite to ask one’s age, salary, marriage, etc.. 问别人的年龄、工资、婚姻状况等通常被认为是不礼貌的. The notion is especially opposed to by those who have invested much in the area. 这个提议特别遭到了那些在本地区投资很大的人的反对.<因those的定语太长了,若用它作主语,主语与谓语就相距太远而显得句子松散.> 5. 语体的需要：在新闻报道中,为了表明报道的客观性而避免主观性的透露时.如： A car accident happened on the high way this morning. Three men were killed, the wounded were taken away to hospital at once and policemen were sent there to cope with the event. 今天早晨高速公路上发生了一起车祸,三人丧生,伤员马上被送往了医院,并马上派了警察去处理这一事件. 另外,在科技论文中,常使用被动语态来强调客观事实.如： When it is cold enough, water will be turned into ice. 当天气足够冷时,水就会变成冰. So far, the moon has been visited by earthmen several times. 到目前为止,地球人已经几次拜访1 / 50 了月亮. 并列连词either…or…用法归纳 either…or…主要用于表示选择,其意为"要么……要么……""或者……或者……",用于连接两个性质相同的词或短语.如： You can have either this one or that one. 你拿这个或那个都可以. You must either go at once or wait till tomorrow. 你要么马上走,要么等到明天. We can finish the work either this week or next week. 不是这星期就是下星期我们就可完成这项工作. 在具体使用not only…but also…时还应注意以下几点： 1. either…or…连接两个成分作主语时,谓语动词通常与其靠近的主语保持一致.如： Either you or I am to go. 你或我必须有人去. Either he or you are right. 要么他对,要么你对. 但在非正式文体中,有时也会一律用复数谓语.如： If either David or Janet come, they will want a drink. 大卫或珍妮特来的话,是会要喝酒的. 2. either…or…除可连接两个词或短语外,有时也可连接两个句子.如： Either you must improve your work or I shall dismiss you. 要么你改进工作,要么我就辞退你. Either you’ll leave this house or I’ll call the police. 你要是不离开这座房子,我就叫警察来. 3. either…or…的否定式可以是not either…or…,也可以是neither…nor....如： He didn’t either write or phone.=He neither wrote nor phoned. 他既没写信又没打. 注意,正如不能说either…not 一样<但可说not…either>,英语习惯上也不说either…or…not,如不能说：Either he or his wife hasn’t come. 可改为：Neither he nor his wife has come. 并列连词not only…but also…用法归纳 not only…but also表示"不仅……而且""既……又",用于连接两个性质相同的词或短语.如： 2 / 50 Not only men but also women were chosen. 不仅仅是男的,女的也有被选中的. We were not only hungry, but also tired. 我们不但饿了,而且也累了. She likes not only music but also sport. 她不但喜欢音乐而且喜欢运动. She not only plays well, but also writes music. 她不仅很会演奏,而且还会作曲. We go there not only in winter, but also in summer. 我们不仅冬天去那儿,而且夏天也去. 另外,在使用not only…but also…时还应注意以下几点： 1. 有时可将but also分开用,即将but视为普通的并列连词,用于连接两个句子,然后将also用于句中〔用谓语动词用在一起〕.如： He’s not only very fast, but he’s also got marvellous technique. 他不仅很快,而且技术高超. 2. 该结构中的also有时可以省略,或将also换成too, as well〔置于句末〕.如： He not only washed the car, but polished it too [as well]. 他不仅冲洗汽车,而且还擦拭了它. His name is known not only in Japan, but in China. 他不仅在日本出名,而且在中国也出名. 3. 有时因为语境的需要,not only…but also…也可能用于连接两个性质不同的词或短语,但这多半因为承前省略的原因.如： He not only goes to work on weekdays, but also on weekends. 他不仅工作日去上班,在周末也去上班. 句中的not only后接的是谓语goes to,而but also后接的却是状语 on weekends,可视为but also后承前省略了谓语动词 goes to work. 4. 当not only…but also连接两个主语时,谓语动词的数原那么上与其相近的主语保持一致.如： Not only the students but also their teacher is enjoying the film. 不仅学生们在欣赏这部影片,他们的老师也在欣赏这部影片. 5. 为了强调,可将not only置于句首,此时其后的句子通常要用部分倒装的形式.如： Not only has she been late three times, she has also done no work. 她不仅仅迟到了3次,她还没干一点活. Not only do they need clothing, but they are also short of water. 他们不但需要衣服,而且还缺水. 有时也可见到不倒装的情形,此时主要见于but also后接省略结构的情况〔省略只剩下3 / 50 本文来源：https://www.dywdw.cn/1179e2f6866a561252d380eb6294dd88d0d23d2c.html
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2022-07-01
