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高中英语语法通霸2： 动词不定式的复合结构和动名词的复合结构 考点1. 复合结构 “复合宾语”、“动名词的复合结构”和“动词不定式的复合结构”，都含有“复合”二字。“复合”本意是由多个部分组成之意，在这三种语法结构中，组成的两部分都是“逻辑上的主谓关系”。 ① He invited us to come to the party. (us是宾语，to come to the party是宾语补足语；宾语和宾语补足语合在一起称为复合宾语。宾语和宾语补足语是逻辑上的主谓关系。) ② It’s important for us to learn English well. (it是形式主语，真正的主语是for us to learn English well。“us”是“to learn English well”的逻辑主语，二者构成了逻辑上的主谓关系。for somebody to do something是动词不定式的复合结构。) ③ It’s very kind of you to help me.（of you to help me也是动词不定式的复合结构，you和to help me构成了逻辑上的主谓关系。） ④ Tom’s coming late made our teacher angry.(Tom迟到使我们老师生气。coming是动名词，Tom’s coming late是动名词的复合结构。Tom是coming late的逻辑主语，二者是逻辑上的主谓关系。) 考点2. 动词不定式的复合结构（for sb. to do sth. 与of sb. to do sth.） ① It’s important for us to learn English well. 我们学好英语很重要。 ② It’s kind of you to say that. 你这样说，（你）真太好了。 us是to learn English 的逻辑主语；you是to say that的逻辑主语。像这样，动词不定式前面有自己的逻辑主语，这种结构称为“动词不定式的复合结构”。 其基本句式为： It + be+形容词+for /of somebody to do something 如果这个形容词侧重于说明事（动词不定式复合结构所表达的事），用for，侧重于说明人（不定式的逻辑主语），用of。 在①句中，important侧重于指“我们学好英语”这个事，所以用for。在②中，kind侧重指“你”，所以用of。 常用for 的形容词： 表示客观情况的形容词：difficult, easy, hard, important, impossible, necessary等。 常用of的形容词： 表示赞扬或批评的词：careless, clever, good, foolish, honest, kind, lazy, nice, right, silly, stupid, wise, polite, impolite等。 练习 选用of 或for 填空： 1. It is stupid ______ you to tell him everything. 2. It’s necessary ______ you to lock the car when you do not use it. 3. It was kind ______ you to offer me so much help. 4. It seemed selfish ______ him not to give them anything. 5. It was impolite ______ you to talk to the old man like that. 6. It was impossible ______ us to believe whatever you say. 单项选择 7. It took a long time for connection between temperature and illness ______. A. to make B. to be made C. making D. being made 8. It was polite ______ the child to give up his seat to the elderly woman. A. for B. of C. to D. with 9. 【2014山东】 It’s standard practice for a company like this one______ a security officer. A. employed B. being employed C. to employ D. employs 10. 【2012福建】Nothing is so easy as ______ parents to raise their expectations of their children too high. A. of B. to C. by D. for 考点3. 动名词的复合结构（somebody’s doing或somebody doing） 动名词前面带上自己的逻辑主语便构成了动名词的复合结构。其逻辑主语一般由物主代词、名词所有格来充当。在口语中，物主代词和名词所有格可分别由人称代词的宾格和名词的普通格代替。 Do you mind my / me opening the door? I can’t imagine Mary’s / Mary marrying such a young man. 当动名词的复合结构作主语时，其逻辑主语只用所有格或物主代词表示。 His/Tom’s being late made the teacher angry. √ Him /Tom being late made the teacher angry. × 11. —What caused the q329950885party to be put off? —______ the invitations. A. Tom delayed sending B. Tom’s delaying sending C. Tom delaying to send D. Tom delayed to send raincoat. 12. 【1992全国】I would appreciate ______ back this afternoon. 8. ______ (he) coming here will get us out of trouble. 9. It was polite ______ the child to give up his seat to the A. you to call B. you call elderly woman. C. your calling D. you’re calling 13. ______ the homework made his father lose his temper. A. The boy’s not having done B. The boy not having done C. The boy’s having not done D. The boy having not done I. 单句改错 1. 【2012辽宁】It was so kind for you to let us bring Anne’s friend, Gina. 2. 【2006四川】When our six children were young, supper time was always being interrupted by neighborhood children ring the bell. 3. 【2005江苏】Jack would fly away and bring it back for us throw again. 4. 【2005浙江】Seeing his strong interest in this game of 22 men run after a ball, I decided to sit down to watch the game. 5. 【2015陕西】My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me enjoy the biscuits with happy laughter! II. 语法填空（每空至多填三词） 6. Is it necessary ______ him to return the book immediately? 7. It was very thoughtful ______ you to remind me to bring the 本内容摘自《高中英语语法通霸》，打包下载 http://pan.baidu.com/s/1dDqbKM9 http://pan.baidu.com/s/1sjqtsoX 答案 1. of 2. for 7. 12. B C 3. of 8. 13. B A 4. of 9. C 5. of 10. 1. for改为of；kind和善的，侧重于指人的品质。 2. ring改为ringing；by是介词，后面跟动名词复合结构。 3. 在throw前加to；动词不定式复合结构作目的状语。 4. run改为running；of 22 men running after a ball介词短语作game的定语，of的宾语是动名词复合结构。 5. enjoy改为enjoying；of后面是动名词复合结构。 D 6. for 11. B 6. for；necessary，必要的，侧重于描述事情。 7. of；thoughtful 体贴人的、关心人的，侧重于描述人。 8. His；动名词的复合结构作主语。 9. of；polite有礼貌的，侧重于描述人。 10. It is time for us to play basketball. 11. Is it possible for you to attend my birthday party this evening? 12. I would like to major in law, but my parents insist on me /my learning medicine. 13. I still remember clearly your/you showing us around your city and I really appreciate that. 14. His failing to pass the exam made him upset these days. 15. In fact, nothing is worse than that, if you don’t mind me/my saying so. 16. I would appreciate you your making an appointment for me. 17. It’s very kind of you to give me so many practical suggestions. III. 写作技能提升 10. 【2008上海】我们打篮球的时间到了。 (time) 11. 【2008上海】你今晚能来参加我的生日聚会? (possible) 12. 我想学法律专业，但我的父母亲却坚持让我学医学。（major in, insist on, medicine） 13. 我还清楚地记得你带着我们参观你们城市的情形，我真的很感激。（remember, show around, appreciate） 14. 他没通过考试使他这几天很不高兴。（failing to pass the exam, make sb. upset） 15. 事实上，我认为没有比这更糟的了，如果你不介意我这样说的话。（in fact, mind） 16. 如果能为我约定个时间，我将不胜感激。（appreciate doing, make an appointment for） 17. 你给我如此多的实用的建议真太好了。（it’s kind, so many practical suggestions） 本文来源：https://www.dywdw.cn/17a59bd9168884868662d658.html
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2023-05-02
