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一、中国酒文化 Chinese Wine Culture 中国人在7000年以前就开始用谷物酿酒。总的来讲，不管是古代仍是现代，酒都和中国文化息息相关。长久以来，中国的酒文化在人们生活中一直扮演着重要的角色。咱们的先人在写诗时以酒助兴，在宴会中和亲友老友敬酒。作为一种文化形式，酒文化也是一般百姓生活中不可分割的部份，比如生日宴会、送别晚宴、婚礼庆典等。 Chinese people began to make spirits with grains seven thousand years ago. Generally speaking，wine has a close connection with culture in China in both ancient and modern times. Chinese wine culture has been playing a quite important role in Chinese people's life for a long time. Our Chinese ancestors used wine to enjoy themselves while writing poetry, or to make a toast to their relatives and friends during a feast. Wine culture, as a kind of culture form, is also an inseparable part in the life of ordinary Chinese people such as birthday party, farewell dinner, wedding, etc. 二、中国书法Chinese Calligraphy 中国书法历史悠长，它不仅是汉字的传统书写形式，也是表现自我修养和自我表达的艺术。作者的内心世界通过美好的字体得以表现。书法在中国艺术中拥有举足轻重的地位，因为它阻碍到了其它的中国艺术形式，比如古典诗歌、雕塑、传统音乐及舞蹈、建筑及手工艺品。作为传统的艺术至宝，中国书法被全世界人民所喜爱，且愈来愈受到欢迎。 Chinese calligraphy is not only a traditional Chinese characters writing with a long history, but also an art of self-cultivation and self-expression. Inner world of the writer could be reflected with the help of beautiful Chinese script. Chinese calligraphy plays an important role in Chinese art, for it has influenced other Chinese artistic forms like classical poetry, sculpture, traditional music and dance, architecture and handicrafts. As a treasured artistic form of Chinese culture, Chinese calligraphy is enjoyed by people throughout the world and is becoming more and more popular. 3、中国山水画Landscape Painting 山水画一直以来都被誉为中国绘画的最高境遇。它体味高端，很受欢迎。一样意义上，中国山水画被以为是书法、绘画及诗歌的结合或延伸。汉语“山水”那个词由“山”和“水”两个汉字组成，且与道教的哲学思想相联系，它强调的是人与自然的和谐。中国画家刻画的并非老是真实的世界，他们呈现的是自己想象出来的风光，这些风光再也不只是对眼前世界的刻画，而是画家内在思想的写照。因此，人们以为欣赏山水画除能够专门好地了解画家的内心世界之外，还能够净化自己的灵魂。 Landscape painting is traditionally considered as the highest form of Chinese painting styles. It is very popular and is associated with refined scholarly taste. Chinese Landscape painting in general is seen as a combination or extension of calligraphy, painting, and poetry. The Chinese term for “landscape” is made up of two characters meaning “mountains and water”. It is linked with the philosophy of Daoism, which emphasizes harmony with the natural world. Chinese artists do not usually paint real place but imaginary landscape which is no longer about the description of the visible world, but a means of conveying the inner mind. People therefore believe that looking at landscape painting is a good way to realize the artist’s inner heart as well as a way to purify their souls. 4、中国戏曲 Chinese Opera 在中国，戏曲是一种很流行的戏剧形式，一样来讲，能够追溯到唐朝时期，那时的皇帝唐玄宗创建了“梨园”。现在，许多外国人也很喜爱中国的戏曲。最吸引他们的那么是戏曲的独有风格—画脸谱，它不仅是戏曲中的一大亮点，同时还要求独特的绘画技艺。每一个演员脸上夸张的扮相代表其扮演角色的性格和命运。熟知戏曲的观众通过观看演员的脸谱和服装就能够够明白角色背后的故事。通常，红色脸谱代表忠诚与勇敢；黑色代表凶猛；黄色和白色代表口是心非；金色和银色代表神秘。7关于中国人，专门是老年人，欣赏戏曲是他们的一大乐趣。 Chinese opera is a popular form of drama in China. In general, it dates back to the Tang Dynasty with Emperor Xuanzong, who founded the “Pear Garden”. Now Chinese opera is warmly welcomed by many foreign people. What appeals foreigners most might be the distinctive style of facial make-up, which is one of the highlights and requires distinctive techniques of painting. Exaggerated designs are painted on each performer's face to symbolize a character's personality, and fate. Audiences who are familiar with opera can know the story by observing the facial painting as well as the costumes. Generally, a red face represents loyalty and bravery; a black face, rough ; yellow and white faces, duplicity; and golden and silver faces, mystery. For Chinese, especially older folks, to listen to opera is a real pleasure. 五、京剧 Peking Opera 京剧是中国的一种传统艺术。它是中国戏曲的一种，诞生于于1790年四大徽班（Four Great Anhui Troupes）入京演出的时候。19世纪中期取得快速进展，到清朝达到全盛时期。京剧被看成是中国的文化至宝之一。尽管它被称为京剧，可是它的起源地却是中国的安徽省和湖北省。京剧起初是一种宫庭演出艺术，而后才慢慢普及到民间。在数百年前，京剧作为一种新的戏曲形式，不管在哪里进行演出，都饱受欢迎。而在现代社会中，包括京剧在内的传统戏曲却不大能被年轻人同意，面临着庞大的生存危机。 Peking opera is a traditional art in China. It is a kind of Chinese opera which was born when the Four Great Anhui Troupes came to Beijing in 1790, arose in the mid-19th century and was extremely popular in the Qing Dynasty. Peking opera is widely regarded as one of the cultural treasures of China. Although it is called Beijing opera, its origins are in the Chinese provinces of Anhui and Hubei. Peking opera was originally staged for the court and came into the public later. Hundreds of years ago, as a new drama form, wherever it was performed, it would be warmly welcomed.. Unfortunately, in the modern world, traditional operas including Peking Opera have to face the existential crisis, because they are not easily accepted by younger generations. 六、昆曲Kunqu Opera 昆曲是中国古老戏曲中的一种，起源于江苏昆山，拥有600连年的历史。它是连接过去与此刻，中国与世界的纽带，对现今中国的戏曲形式，包括川剧与京剧在内，都产生了重要的阻碍。 昆曲包括了各类意象美，从音乐、舞蹈到诗歌，人们的精神世界乃至中国人的灵魂，都有所表现。正因为如此，昆曲在过去广受欢迎，也成了中国文化遗产中最宝贵的部份。可是此刻，昆曲不仅面临着来自公共流行文化的挑战，而且年轻人也对其缺乏爱好。只有进行适当的爱惜，昆曲才能拥有美好的以后。 Kunqu Opera, which originated in the Kunshan region of Jiangsu province, is one of China’s classical operas with a history of more than 600 years. Kunqu Opera serves as a link between past and present, China and the world. It has exerted a dominant influence on recent forms of opera in China, including the Sichuan and Beijing operas. Kunqu Opera embraced every imaginable beauty, from music and dance, to poetry and people’s spirit world and even very soul of the Chinese nation, so that Kunqu Opera was so popular in the past and became the most valuable parts of China’s cultural heritage. But now, Kunqu Opera is facing competition from mass culture and a lack of interest amongst the young. It can only have a bright future when it is protected in a proper way. 7、唐诗Poems of the Tang Dynasty 唐朝，是中国古典诗歌的鼎盛时期，在不到300年的时刻里，涌现出了许多闻名的诗人和诗作。清朝时编辑的《全唐诗》(Poems of the Tang Dynasty)已收录2200多位诗人创作的48900多首诗歌。这些诗歌让人们深切了解到那时社会生活的方方面面。中国人很喜爱唐诗，就连小小孩也能背出几首，如李白的《静夜思》(Thoughts in the Silent Night)，杜甫的《春夜喜雨》(Good Rain on a Spring Night)等等。唐诗不仅是中国古代文学史上最辉煌的一页，而且也是人类文化史中的一个奇迹。 The Tang Dynasty witnessed the peak of Chinese ancient poetry, with many renowned poets and famous works appearing over a period of less than 300 years. Poems of the Tang Dynasty edited during the Qing Dynasty has collected more than 48,900 poems written by over 2,200 poets. These poems provide an insight into all aspects of the social life of the period. Chinese people are very fond of Tang poetry, and even children can recite some from memory, such as Thoughts in the Silent Night by Li Bai, Good Rain on a Spring Night by Du Fu, etc. Tang poetry not only serves as a most brilliant page in the history of ancient Chinese literature, but is also a miracle in the history of human culture. 八、中国武术 Chinese Martial Arts/ Kungfu 中国武术拥有悠长的历史，在中国广为流行。受中国古典美学所提倡的刚柔并济的阻碍，中国武术形成了自己的审美标准。3此刻很多人习武是为了健康、娱乐和竞技。为了更好地传承这一古老的技艺，全国各地开设有很多的武术俱乐部和协会。自1980年起，一大量武术专业的毕业生被分派到学校里教授武术。此刻很多专家通过将搏斗技术和健康结合到一路，试着将武术变成一项科学的运动。他们希望有一天，武术能够作为一项赛事纳入奥运会中。 Chinese martial arts enjoy a long history and great popularity in China. Influenced by ancient Chinese aesthetics which advocated a balance between hardness and softness, Chinese martial arts have formed their own aesthetic standards. Today, many people practice it to pursue health, entertainment and competition. In order to inherit the ancient art, many martial arts clubs and associations have been established across China. Since 1980, a large number of graduates majoring in martial arts have been assigned to teach martial arts in schools. Many specialists today are tying to turn martial arts into a scientific sport by combining fighting skills with health. They hope that one day martial arts will become a sport event at the Olympic Games. 九、长城The Great Wall 长城，作为中国的象征之一，不仅是中国的奇迹，也是整个世界的奇迹。它始建于春秋战国时期，秦始皇统一中国后，连结了各段长城以抵御外敌入侵。现存的长城遗迹要紧为建于14世纪的明长城。长城有着两千连年的历史，于1987年被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。现现在，长城仍是世界上最受欢迎的景点之一。 As one of the symbols of China, the Great Wall is a wonder not only to China but also to the whole world. The Great Wall was first built in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. After the unification of China, the first Emperor of Qin linked up different sections of the walls to prevent the invasion of the enemies. The present preserved Great Wall of China is the major parts built in the 14th century, called Ming Great Wall. With a long history of more than 2,000 years, the Great Wall of China was listed as World Heritage by UNESCO in 1987. Until now, the Great Wall 本文来源：https://www.dywdw.cn/17f5703129f90242a8956bec0975f46526d3a749.html
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2022-11-09
