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高校查处各类高科技舞弊 George Mason University instructor Anne Marchant calls them “patchwork plagiarists”—the students who copy and paste together passages from articles they’ve found on the Internet, then turn in the work as their own. She catches at least one such student every semester in their computer-science class, she said. She even discovered such plagiarism in her computer ethics course. “Certainly, cheating is persavise,” Marchant said. “It’s usually deadly obvious. The introduction will be written in broken English; then it will have this flawlessly written, almost doctoral-quality body, then a conclusion that goes back to broken English.” 乔治梅森大学讲师安妮·马钱特所谓的“拼凑剽窃者”----是指学生从因特网上找到文章，经过复制、粘贴，然后把它当作自己的作业上交。她说，她每个学期至少在她的计算机课上抓住一名这样的剽窃者。她甚至在计算机道德教育课上也发现这样的“剽窃者”。“可以肯定的是，作弊泛滥了”马钱特说：“它通常有明显的痕迹。简介部分的英文总是错漏百出，然后正文部分就写的完美无缺，几乎有博士论文的水平，但结论又回到它的蹩角英语。” Teachers and administrators at several Washington-area colleges agree that cheating is on the rise—because the computer has made cheating so easy. High-tech offenses include using information from the Internet without proper attribution, buying term papers from online paper mills, and sharing answers and course work via e-mail or diskette. Dozens of Websites are dedicated to helping students cheat more easily and successfully. 华盛顿地区的几所大学中的教师们和管理者都认为，作弊行为在上升----因为计算机使作弊变得容易，高科技犯罪包括使用因特网上的信息而没有注明出处，在线购买学期论文，通过各种电子邮件或光盘共享答案或课程论文。不少站点致力于帮助学生更轻松和成功地作弊。 Professors are using the computer to fight back --launching Internet searches to find the source of purloined materials and installing software that detects similarities in students’ papers. 教授们使用计算机进行反击----登陆因特网搜索引擎查找剽窃材料的出处，并且安装软件检查学生论文的相似度。 The computer has made cheats out of students who otherwise would never have considered such trickery, some educator say. At Virginia Tech, the number of cheating complaints made to the school’s Honor Court rose from 136 during the 1996~1997 school year to 280 last year. Most of the cases involved computer-aided cheating, said Leon Geyer, a Virginia Tech professor and an adviser to the school’s student-run undergraduate honor system. 一些教育工作者说，除非是从用过作弊手段的学生，否则计算机就能把他揪出来。在弗吉尼亚工学院，提交给学校名誉法庭的作弊投诉案件已经由1996—1997学年的136起上升到去年的280起。里昂·盖耶，弗吉尼亚工学院教授兼校学生会毕业生道德评价团顾问，说：大多数的案件都涉及计算机辅助作弊。 Last spring, for example, dozens of students in different sections of one computer-science course were caught electronically sharing work on an end-of-year assignment, In another case, four students in one science class turned in the same paper. The students hadn’t copied off each other or shared their work—they had all surfed the Web looking for a research paper to steal and, coincidentally, had chosen the same one. 例如，去年春天，一些学生在同一节电脑课的不同时段被电子监控抓到正在分享期未的论文作业。还有一个案件，科学课上4个学生上交了同样的论文。他们并没有互相抄袭或共享----他们上网寻找可剽窃的论文，结果凑巧，选择了同一篇。 Penalties for offenses such as plagiarism and sharing answers tend to be harsh. And they should be, said Virginia Tech’s Geyer. “It matters whether the guy who built the bridge cheated his way through engineering school,” he said. “I’d worry about that.” But Geyer said he does believe in giving cheats a second chance. At Virginia Tech, the typical punishment for a first-time offender is a double-weighted zero—which often results in a failing grade for the course—enrolment in an ethics class and 50 hours of on-campus community service., A student who completes his punishment can have the offense removed from his record. 对于剽窃或共享答案等的处罚正趋于严历。弗吉尼亚工学院的盖耶也认为应该如此。“那个建了桥的伙计是否在读工程学校的时候有过作弊行为这很重要。”他说。“我会对此感到担心的。”但是盖耶说他确实相信要再给作弊者一次机会。在弗吉尼亚工学院，对于初范最严重的惩罚是双零分，这常导致这门课的不合格——并要接受处分和进行50工时的校园义工服务。只有全成罚款的学生才能将处分从档案中撤消。 Sam Miller, an assistant to the vice president for student affairs at the University of Virginia, where the mandatory penalty for cheating is expulsion, acknowledges that school officials might be getting relatively few cheating complaints from teachers because they are reluctant to subject students to such strong punishment. Miller serves on an Internet abuse response team that looks into computer-related misbehavior at the university. The team handles about three cases a day, compared with about five cases a month three years ago, he said, But most of them involve floods of junk e-mail harassment, rather than students copying from the Internet or from each other. 萨姆·米勒，来自实行作弊者一律清退的弗吉尼亚大学的学生处副主席助理，承认学校行政方面可能相对较少听到教师关于作弊方面的投诉，因为老师不忍心让学生背上如此严厉的罚款。米勒供职于网络监察反应队，专门调查校园网络不规范行为。他说，相比较三年前一个月只有五例案件，这个队一天要处理三个案例。但是大多数只是涉及垃圾件邮骚扰，而不是学生网络抄袭或者相互抄袭。 The Internet offers a wealth of resources for prospective cheats. In addition to the Websites that offer thousands of research papers and book reports, there are sites where students can submit math homework problems to a resident math whiz and online message boards where students with very specific needs can help each other. 网络提供的丰富资源让各种作弊成为可能。除了能够提供各种研究报告和读书报告的网站个，还有一些网站能让学生上传数学作业中的题目到专门的解题网站或是在线留言板，在那儿学生们的各种特殊需求都能互相帮助得以解决。 Among the recent messages posted at one such site was a student’s plea for a three-paragraph description of a favorite animal—“using lots of adjectives, please.” 本文来源：https://www.dywdw.cn/1a2c9b89c8d376eeaeaa3188.html
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2023-01-20
