英语中代词的翻译

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代词,英语,翻译

英语中代词的翻译

代词在英文中使用广泛,这和中文有一定差异。在汉语里,我们要么重复前一句话中的名词,要么省略,很少用代词,最少用的就是“第三人称”,因为“他”“她”“它”的发音都是一样的。

从翻译的角度讲,英译汉时,多用名词,或者省略;汉译英时,多用代词。

英文代词的翻译可以总结为两句话:一是代词要指明要点;二时代词的翻译要不抽象、不具体。

Eg: It may seen strange to put an industrial revolution and two political revolutions into the same packet. But the fact is that they were all social revolutions. 断句:

It may seen strange /to put an industrial revolution and two political revolutions into the same packet. /But the fact is that/ they were all social revolutions.

分析:从断句的情况来看,句首的it指的是后面的不定式 to put an industiral revolution and two political revolutions into the same packet.后面这句话中的they指的是前面的an industrial revolution and two ploitical revolutions. 翻译:

把一场工业革命和两场政治革命归为一类1,这2似乎有点奇怪3,但是,事实上,这三场革命4都是社会革命。 分析:

1.put into the same packet的意思可以理解为“归为一类”。 2.在这里断句之后,我们用“这”来代替前面所有的内容。


3.把不定式放在句首翻译是因为it代替的是不定式,而且这里也体现了评论与事实的关系。to put an industrial revolution and two political revolutions into the same packet 是事实,strange是评论,根据中文先事实后评论,所以这样翻译。

4.they这个单词指的是上文中的an industrial revolution and two political revolutions,我们在翻译时既不能翻译为“一场工业革命和两场政治革命”,也不能翻译为“它们”,前者过于具体,后者过于抽象,所以翻译为“这三场革命”最合适,也就是“不抽象、不具体”。 重读:

把一场产业革命和两场政治革命归为一类,这似乎有点奇怪,但是,事实上,这三场革命都是社会革命。

再来看看长难句中代词的翻译

Eg: If parents were prepared for this adolescent reaction, and realized that it was a sign that the child was growing up and developing valuable powers of observation and independent judgment, they would not be so hurt, and therefore would not drive the child into opposition by resenting and resisting it. 断句:

If parents were prepared for this adolescent reaction, /and realized that/ it was a sign that the child was growing up/ and developing valuable powers of observation and independent judgment, /they would not be so hurt, /and therefore would not drive the child into opposition /by resenting and resisting it. 翻译:

做父母的如果1对这种青少年的反应有所准备2而且认为这3是一个标着,标志着孩子正在成长,正在培养珍贵的观察力和独立的判断力,那么4父母们就不会感到如此伤心,所以也就不会有愤恨和反对的情绪5而把孩子推到对立面上去。 分析:


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