【#第一文档网# 导语】以下是®第一文档网的小编为您整理的《美国社会与文化名词解释》，欢迎阅读！
英美社会与文化名词解释 1.American Indians美国印第安人 It is considered as native inhabitants of North America. 2.Mayflower Compact It is the first document of self-government in American,and it is the seed of American democracy. 3.The Civil Rights Movement It is the blacks' struggle against racial discrimination and demand for equal rights with the whites. The movement was characterized by major campaigns of civil resistance. 4.Separation of powers Due to the structural principle of U.S. federal government.The doctrine that political power should be divided among separate and independent bodies as a precaution against tyranny or arbitrary excesses by government.Three branches of government are created and power is shared among them. 5.baby boom婴儿潮，生育高峰 It is a period marked by a greatly increased birth rate.It most often refers to the post-WWⅡ higher birth rate in the United States.It is a period from 1946 to 1964.It is estimated that 78.3 million Americans were born.it has been described variously as a "shockwave" and as "the pig in the python." 6.McCarthyism Anti-Communist hysteria in US during the 1950 launched by McCarthy. The campaign of widespread persecution of many people as Soviet spies.Its effects lasted for decades. 7.A salad bowl It is alternative metaphors to describe the current American society , the trend is toward multiculturalism.It just like ingredients in a real salad,each culture keeps its own special "taste" and characteristics. 8.Electoral College American way to elect the President.The President is not elected directly by the voters but by "presidential electors". 9.Uncle Sam It is a figure symbolizing the United States.It is portrayed as a tall,white-haired man with a goatee.He often dressed in red ,white,and blue, and wears a top hat."Uncle Sam" to the United States is "John Bull" to UK. 10.Muckrakers黑幕揭发者 They were a group of reform-minded journalists,novelists and critics in America at the turn of the 20th century.They exposed various dark sides of the seemingly prosperous society.They gave rise to the Progressive movement. 11.Rosa Parks Incident Rosa Parks is a middle-aged black woman.She refused to give up her seat on the bus to a white passenger who had just gotten on.Then Rosa was arrested and fined 10 dollars.This insident led to a 1956 Supreme Court decision banning segregated buses. 12.A nation of nations万民之邦 The US has long been known as a nation of immigration,a multinational and multiracial country.The vast majority of its population is immigrants or descendants of immigrants coming from all over the world. 13.New England In 1620,pilgrims from England first settled in New England to form plymouth Colony.But now,it is a region in the northeastern comer of the United States consisting of the 6 states. 14.WASPs It refers to the White Anglo-Saxon Protestants and their descendants.They are Americans of English ancestry.Until quite recently,to many peopie the WASPs had been the Americans.Their culture had represented the American culture.The WASPs still dominate every aspect of American life. 本文来源：https://www.dywdw.cn/6ec5b8612f3f5727a5e9856a561252d381eb2070.html
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2023-01-04
