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一、原因 1.A number of factors are accountable for this situation. A number of factors might(largely)contribute to (lead to )(account for ) the phenomenon(problem)./被动The change in ...largely results from the fact that... 2. The answer to this problem involves many factors. 3. The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that... 6. We may blame ...,but the real causes are... 7. Part of the explanations for it is that ... One of the most common factors (causes ) is that ... Another contributing factor (cause ) is ... Perhaps the primary/fundamental factor/cause is that … 二、比较 1. 3.A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that... 4.It is reasonable to maintain that ...but it would be foolish to claim that... 5.For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages. compensate补偿 6.Like anything else, it has its faults. 7.A and B has several points in common(共有) 8.A bears some resemblances to B.（相似） 9.However, the same is not applicable to B./ be applied to（相似） 10. A and B differ in several ways. 11. Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects. 12. People used to think ..., but things are different now. 13. The same is true of B. 14. Wondering as A is ,it has its drawbacks. 15. It is true that A ... , but the chief faults (obvious defects )are ... 三、批驳 1)It is true that ..., but one vital point is being left out. 2) There is a grain of truth(有一种真理) in these statements（声明、观点、文章主题）, but they ignore a more important fact. 4) Many of us have been under the illusion（错觉） that... 5) A close examination would reveal（揭示） how ridiculous the statement is. 6) It makes no sense to argue for ... 7) Too much stress placed on ... may lead to ... 8) Such a statement mainly rests on（依赖于）the assumption（假定、假设）that ... 9) Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that ... 四、结尾 1) In conclusion, it is imperative(必要的)that . 2) To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must 3) In summary, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue, more problems will crop up.(突然发生) 4） 开头 1. Recently, the rise in the problem of ______ has aroused public/wide concern. 近来， ______问题的增加已经引起了公众/广泛的关注。 2. Recently, the issue of ______ has been brought into focus/brought to public attention. 近来， ______问题已经成为人们关注的焦点。 4. With the rapid growth of ______ , ______ have/has become increasingly important in our daily life. 随着 ______的快速增长， ______在我们的日常生活中已经变得越来越重要。 5. Now there is a growing awareness/recognition of the necessity to ______ . 如今，人们越来越意识到 ______的必要性。 6. Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginning/coming to realize/be aware that ______. 如今，越来越多的人开始意识到 ______。 7. After a good many years of enthusiasm for ______ , people begin to ______ . 热衷于 ______多年之后，人们开始 ______。 8. One of the burning/pressing questions/problems facing/confronting our nation/society today is ______ . 我们的国家/社会今天面临的紧迫问题之一是 ______。 9. With ______ playing an increasingly important role in ______ , more and more ______ . 随着在 ______中的作用日益重要，越来越多的 ______。 10. Whenever you see/find ______ , you can't help being shocked/surprised at ______ . 每当看到/发现 ______的时候，你会不禁为 ______感到震惊/惊讶。 图表 As the bar chart shows, the number of ______ has dramatically increased/decreased during the ______ years from ______ to ______. 如柱状图所示， ______的数量从 ______年到 ______年 ______年之间急剧增加/减少。 12. From the graph, we know the statistics of ______ and ______ . It can be seen easily that ______. 从图表中我们可知 ______和 ______的数据。我们可以很容易地看出 ______。 13. From the bar chart, it is clear that between ______and ______ the amount of ranged from ______to ______ . 从柱状图中可以清楚地看到，从 ______到 ______， ______的数量在 ______到 ______之间变化。 14. As the bar chart shows, great changes concerning ______ took place between ______ and ______ . 柱状图表明，从 ______到 ______， ______发生了很大的变化。 15. As can be seen in the graph, ______ saw great changes in ______ between ______ and ______ . 从图表可知，在 ______到 ______之间， ______发生了巨大变化。 16. The cartoon vividly depicts ______. 这幅漫画生动地描述了 ______。 17. As is described in the picture, ______ . 如图中所描述的， ______。 18. As is vividly indicated in the above drawing/picture, ______ . 如上图生动地描述的那样，______。 19. The drawing, thought-provoking as it is, does mirror a social phenomenon that ______ . 这幅发人深省的图画的确反映了这样一个社会现象： ______。 20. In the cartoon presented to us, ______. Obviously, what the cartoon illustrates/reveals is ______ . 在展现给我们的图片中， ______。显然，该图片说明/揭示的是 ______。 21. As is symbolically depicted in the drawing above, ______. Although the drawing is designed simply, it does reveal that ______ . 正如上图象征性地描绘的一样， ______。虽然该图很简单，它确实反映了 ______。 22. As is vividly illustrated in the cartoon, ______ . The central point of this cartoon is that ______. 正如漫画中生动展示的， ______。该漫画的主旨是 ______。 引出观点 1. This picture demonstrates one of the basic theories of philosophy:______ . 这幅图片展现了哲学的一个基本理论：______。 2. Such a picture draws attention to the fact that______ . 这样一种画面吸引我们注意到这样的现实：______。 4. The painter reminds us of a common social phenomenon: ______.画的作者提醒了我们一个普遍的社会现象：______。 1. “______” is a proverb full of logic, which has been generally accepted. “______”是一个非常有道理的谚语，被人们普遍接受。 3. When it comes to ______ , some think/hold/believe that ______. Others argue that the opposite is true. 当提及______时，有人认为______。其他人则认为事实恰好相反。 4. There is a public/general debate/discussion today/nowadays on/over/as to the problem/issue of ______. 如今，有一场关于______问题公开的/普遍的争论/讨论。 5. When asked whether it is advisable to ______, different people have different things to say. 关于______是否明智这个问题，不同的人有不同的看法。 6. People's opinions about ______ vary from person to person. 关于______，人们的观点因人而异。 7. Some people propose such a question:______ . 许多人提出这样一个问题：______。 8. Different people hold different views about______ . 对于______，不同的人有不同的看法。 9. Faced with______ , quite a few people think that______ , but others conceive of it differently. 面对______，许多人认为______，但是其他人则持有不同的观点。 引出观点中的道理 1. It tells us that ______. 它告诉我们______。 2. It reminds us that ______. 它提醒我们______。 3. It means that ______. 它意味着______。 4. This proverb reflects ______. 该谚语反映了______。 5. The truth of this saying is ______. 这句话的真相是______。 6. Personally, I stand on the side of ______. 就个人而言，我支持______。 7. As far as I am concerned, I am in favor of the opinion that ______. 就我而言，我赞同______的观点。 8. I agree that priority should be given to ______. 我赞同______具有优先权的观点。 问题引入法 问题引入法是观点论证型和现象解释型作文最常用的一种方法。本方法以问句开篇，更引人入胜。问题引入法常用素材如下： 1. We are often shown/told these days that ______. But is this really the case?近来我们经常听说______。但情况真的如此吗？ 2. In recent years, there is a general tendency to ______. According to a study______, last year. Why ______? 近年来，有一个______的总体趋势。根据一项研究，去年______。为什么______？ 4. These days we often hear about/are often told that ______. But is this really the case? 最近，我们经常听说______。但是，事实真是如此吗？ 5. “Why do______ ?” Many people often ask questions like this? “为什么______?”许多人经常问这样的问题。 6. Should ______? Opinions of/Attitudes toward ______ vary widely from person to person. 应该这样吗？不同的人对______有不同的观点。 7. What do you think of ______? Your answer to the question will reflect ______. 你怎么看______? 你对这个问题的答案会反映______。 8. “Why ______?” Of all the questions/complaints I have heard, this is the one most frequently voiced. “为什么______?”在我听到的所有问题/抱怨中，这是最经常听到的一个。 9. When asked about______ , the overwhelming(势不可挡的，巨大的) majority of/many people say/think/believe/answer that ______. But ______. 当被问及______时，大多数/许多人认为/回答______。但是______。 10. Nowadays, it is commonly/widely/generally believed/thought/held that ______, but I wonder/doubt that ______. 如今，人们普遍认为______。但是我怀疑______。 1.“人们”的表达： A.folks或individuals 【我直接都写的复数形式】 B.如果想说“什么样的人”就用定语从句“Those who…”. 【这里“those”就相当于“人们”】 例：Those who like buying lotteries…那些喜欢买彩票的人…… 2.“……观点不同” A.They have very different points of view about the subject of money. “the subject of”也可以借用，表示“在……的话题/主题上” B.Folks' views differ sharply. 【人们的观点大不相同】 C.The opinions concerning this hot/heated topic varies from person to person. 【可借用“因人而异”的表达：“vary from person to person”;“concerning this hot topic”也可借用，还可以说“concerning over the issue”可以视情况选择】 D.“人们普遍认为……”的表达： “It's universally/generally acknowledged that…” 3.“在……看来” A.from one's perspective，…… B.hold the view that… C.maintain【主张/认为】 that… D.harbor the idea that…（harbor, n. 海港; 海湾; 避难所; 躲藏处;vt.& vi. 心怀; 庇护; 避入安全地; （船）入港停泊;) 4.“重视”的表达 “set great regard on sth”或者单词“value” 5.表达数量 A.“大量/很多” many a +可数名词单数 ：many a student a good deal of+不可数名词：a good deal of excitement B.“一系列” a set of ：a set of rules一系列规则 6.“在一定程度上” to some extent/in a sense 7.表“递进” A.“另外，再加上” “……”.Added to this,“….”. 例： Sara was very cold.Added to this, she had been deprived of her dinner, because Miss Minchin had chosen to punish her. B.furthermore/what's more取代besides C.如果是表示“不好的事情的递进关系”，可以用“To make matters worse” 8.表示否定“几乎不” A.用“scarcely/barely”取代“hardly” scarcely(几乎不，简直不; 刚刚，才; 决不; （刚）一…就;) -She seemed scarcely aware of him. 她看上去几乎没有注意到他。 -He could scarcely breathe. 他几乎喘不过气来。 - I n fact he could scarcely have spent his time more profitably. 事实上，他几乎已最大程度地利用了他的时间。 Barely 仅仅，勉强，好容易才; 几乎不，几乎没有; 赤裸裸地;公然地，露骨地，公开地 -Dave pulled a back muscle and could barely kick the ball. 戴夫背部拉伤，几乎没法踢球。 -There was barely time for the two boys to escape unseen. 两个男孩想趁人不备偷偷溜走几乎是来不及的。 -The commission had barely begun to make a dent in the problem. 委员会几乎还没有在这个问题上取得任何进展。 B.或者直接用“few”/“little”接名词，表示“几乎没有” 【few+可数名词复数;little+不可数名词】 9.表示“然而” A.nevertheless可取代however B.whereas /while可取代although 这两个是连词表示一种对比的“然而/尽管”的意思 10.“……很明显” 可以试着用一个句子表达 it is apparent/evident that… 例： It was evident that a journey was to be taken, and it was Mr. Montmorency who was to take it. 11.表示“越来越……”或者“不断上升的……” 可以只用单词“increasingly” 例：China is playing an increasingly constructive role in Southeast Asia. “中国在东南亚发挥着越来越具有建设性的作用” 12.“当前”的表达 “currently”取代“at present” 13.“面对/面临”的表达 cope with/confront with 如果做状语放在句首则为： Confronted with sth，+完整的句子。 14.“xx节日快要来临”的表达 be around the corner. 例：Christmas is just around the corner. 本文来源：https://www.dywdw.cn/6ecf5a8118e8b8f67c1cfad6195f312b3169ebe5.html
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2023-05-11
