【#第一文档网# 导语】以下是®第一文档网的小编为您整理的《虚拟语气用法归纳》，欢迎阅读！
虚拟语气用法归纳 1、在非真实条件句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。非真实条件有以下三类： （1）与现在事实相反的非真实条件句，谓语动词形式如下： 从句：过去时 主句：would/should/could/might+动词原形。如 If I were you, I would ask our teacher for advice. 如果我是你的话，我就请教老师。 （2）与过去事实相反的非真实条件句，谓语动词形式如下： 从句：过去完成时 主句：would/should/could/ might +have+动词过去分词。如 If I hadn’t taken the wrong bus, I wouldn’t have missed the contest. 如果我没有搭错车，我就不会不参加竞赛。 （3）与将来事实相反的非真实条件句，谓语动词形式如下： 从句：过去时/should /were to +动词原形 主句：would/should/could/might+动词原形。如 If I had enough money next month, I would buy a copy of “The Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English”. 如果我下个月有足够的钱，我就会买一本《现代高级英语学习词典》。 （4）混合时间条件句：主句和从句不一定用指同一时间的动词。如 If I had learned French, I would be able to interpret for our French friend. 假如我以前学过法语，现在就能给我们的法国朋友当翻译。 If you had not watched television so late last night,you would not be sleepy now. Had you followed the doctor’s suggestion ,you would be fine now. （注：if从句与过去事实相反，用过去完成时；而主句与现在事实相反，用would+动词原形。） If I had made some money last summer,I would go on holiday next month. (对过去虚拟） （对将来虚拟） （5）含蓄条件句：有时假设的条件不通过条件从句来表示而含蓄在介词短语或上下文中。如： Without the warmth and light of the sun, the earth’s vegetation would die almost immediately. (对现在虚拟) 没有太阳的热量和光，地球上的植物几乎会马上死去。 But for your encouragement ,I would not have been admitted to the university. 要不是 （对过去的虚拟） I was having a meeting,otherwise I would have come to see you off. 否则 对过去虚拟 2、虚拟语气在某些从句中的应用： （1）用于suggest, order, insist, demand等动词后的宾语从句，如 We suggested that they (should)make a trip to Hong Kong next year. 我建议他们明年去香港旅游。 （2）用于wish后的宾语从句 ①与现在事实相反的愿望 句型：主语+wish+从句（主语+过去时…） I wish I were you. 但愿我是你多好呀。 How I wish it wasn’t raining! 现在要是不下雨该多好啊！ （我多么希望现在不下雨。） ②与过去事实相反的愿望 句型：主语+wish+从句（主语+过去完成时…） I wish I had learned more. 我多么希望我以前多学一些啊！ He wishes he hadn’t made the big mistake. 他要是不犯那个大错误该多好啊！ ③与将来的愿望相反（愿望难以实现） 句型：主语+wish+从句（主语+过去将来时…） The last chance has been lost. How he wishes he could have another chance. 最后一次机会失去了，他多么希望他能再有一次机会啊！ 3 if only 引起感叹句用虚拟表愿望 If only he were here now.对现在虚拟，用过去时态 If only you would followed our advice.对将来虚拟，用would +动词原形 If only I hadn’t been busy last week.对过去虚拟，用过去时态 （3）用于as if (as though)引导的从句 在as if (as though)引导的从句中，如果谈论的是不可能或不真实的情况，它们所引导的表示虚拟性比喻或方式的状语从句要用虚拟语气。动词形式和wish后面的从句中动词形式变化相同。 He speaks English as if he were an Englishman. 他说起英语好象他是个英国人似的。 They talked about the city as if (though) they had been there before. 他们谈论那座城市，就好像他们以前去过那儿似的。 He stood up as if (though) he would speak. 他站起来好像要发言似的。 注意：当as if (though)引导的从句用于动词seem, appear, look, sound, smell等后面时，as if (though)从句的谓语有时依句意需要，也可用陈述语气，表示说话者认为有可能是事实的事。试比较： It seems as if she knew me. 好像他早就认识我似的。 （事实上他不认识我。） It seems as if she knows me. 好像他认识我。 （事实上他认识我的可能性很大。） 4）用于It is (high) time引起的从句。从句长用过去时态，也可以用should do,should不省略。相当于It is time for sb to do sth如 It is high time (that) we stopped this practice.现在是结束这种做法的时候了。 It is high time (that) we should go home. 5）would rather do 宁愿做sth He would rather stay at home. would rather 后加句子时要用虚拟语气 I would rather you finished it now. I would rather you came next week. 对现在和将来虚拟时，句中要用过去时态。 I would rather you had not missed the last bus. 对过去虚拟要用过去完成时态 本文来源：https://www.dywdw.cn/84328755250c844769eae009581b6bd97f19bc8f.html
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2023-03-13
