动词过去式

2023-02-01 15:55:14 第一文档网 [ 字体：小中大 ] [

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动词,过去

动词过去式及过去分词：

规则动词的过去式和过去分词由“动词原形+-ed”构成，具体变化有：

1. 直接在词尾加-ed。如: want—wanted, work—worked, need—needed, clean—cleaned 2. 以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d。如：like—liked, live—lived, use—used, move—moved 3. 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，先双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop—stopped, drop-dropped 4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先把y变成i，再加-ed。如：study—studied, carry—carried, hurry—hurried, marry—married 发音规则：

在浊辅音和元音后面读[d]：moved[mu:vd] called borrowed enjoyed welcomed answered

在清辅音后面 [t]

helped[helpt] passed[pa:st] asked finished reached 在[t]音后面 [id]

started['sta:tid] counted['kauntid] wanted [d]音后面[id] needed['ni:did]

特殊变化：

一、原形、过去式和过去分词的词形和读音都相同的单词，结尾字母一般是t或d。如： cut-cut-cut, hit-hit-hit, put-put-put, cost-cost-cost, let-let-let, shut-shut-shut, set-set-set, hurt-hurt-hurt, spread-spread-spread

特殊：动词read的过去式和过去分词虽然词形与原形一致，read-read-read，但发音分别是[ri:d]-[red]-[red]。

二、有些动词的过去分词与原形是一样的。如：

come-came-come, become-became-become, run-ran-run, overcome-overcame-overcome 三、有些动词的过去式和过去分词相同。如： 1. 把单词结尾的字母d改为t。如：

lend-lent-lent, spend-spent-spent, send-sent-sent 2. 改变单词中间元音字母。如：

sit-sat-sat, win-won-won, shine-shone-shone, hold-held-held 3. 以eep结尾的动词，把eep改为ept。如：

keep-kept-kept, sleep-slept-slept, sweep-swept-swept

4. 过去式和过去分词都以augh或ough结尾的动词。如：

buy-bought-bought, fight-fought-fought, think-thought-thought, bring-brought-brought, teach-taught-taught, catch-caught-caught

5. 有的以ay结尾的动词，在过去式和过去分词中把ay变成aid。如： say-said-said, lay-laid-laid, pay-paid-paid 6. 另有一些其它形式的变化。如：

have-had-had, learn-learnt-learnt, leave-left-left, lose-lost-lost, make-made-made, meet-met-met, feel-felt-felt

7.do/does-did-done be-was/were-been go-went-gone wear-wore-worn speak-spoke-spoken

Exercises: Part 1

1. I _________(clean) my house yesterday.

2. It was hot in the room, so I _________(open) the window.

3. We _________(enjoy) our holiday last year. We _________(stay) at a very nice p;ace. 4. Our friends come to see me every Friday. But they ________(do see) last Friday. 5. When I was a child, I ________(want) to be a doctor.

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