【#第一文档网# 导语】以下是®第一文档网的小编为您整理的《竞租理论维基百科翻译》，欢迎阅读！
Bid rent theory The bid rent theory is a that refers to how the price and demand for real estate change as the distance from the central business district (CBD) increases. It states that different land users will compete with one another for land close to the city center. This is based upon the idea that retail establishments wish to maximize their profitability, so they are much more willing to pay more for land close to the CBD and less for land further away from this area. This theory is based upon the reasoning that the more accessible an area (i.e., the greater the concentration of customers), the more profitable. Land users, whether they be retail, office, or residential, all compete for the most accessible land within the CBD. The amount they are willing to pay is called bid rent. This can generally be shown in a "bid rent curve", based on the reasoning that the most accessible land, generally in the centre, is the most expensive land. Commerce (in particular large department stores and chain stores) is willing to pay the greatest rent in order to be located in the inner core. The inner core is very valuable for these users because it is traditionally the most accessible location for a large population. This large population is essential for department stores, which require a considerable turnover. As a result, they are willing and able to pay a very high land rent value. They maximize the potential of their site by building many stories. As one travels farther from the inner core, the amount that commerce is willing to pay declines rapidly. As one goes farther out, the land becomes less attractive to industry because of the reducing transportation linkages and a decreasing marketplace. Because householders do not rely heavily on these factors and can afford the reduced costs (compared with those in the inner and outer core), they can purchase land here. The farther from the inner core, the cheaper the land. This is why inner-city areas are very densely populated (with, e.g., terraces, flats, and high rises), while suburbs and rural areas are more sparsely populated (with semi-detached and detached houses). 竞租理论 竞租理论反映了土地的价格和需求随着与中心商务区的距离增加所发生的变化。它指出，不同的土地使用者为了得到紧邻市中心的土地将会彼此竞价。这是基于这样的理念：零售机构为了使自身利益最大化，他们更愿意付出较高的租金去争取靠近中心商务区的土地，而对远离中心商务区的土地只愿意付出较少的租金。其原因是：越便利的区域（即与顾客联系最密切区域），收益越大。 土地使用者，无论他们是零售商、办公人员或者居住者，都为中心商务区内最便利的土地而相互竞争，他们为得到那块土地而意愿支付的金额称为竞租。这通常可以在“竞租曲线”中反映，其原因是最便利的土地，一般位于市中心，也就是价格最昂贵的土地。 商业（尤其是大百货商店和连锁商店）愿意为内部核心区位支付最昂贵的租金，因为内部核心土地对他们来说极具价值，它是传统意义上的对广大人群而言最便利的区域。为了达到相当可观的营业额，巨大的人流对于百货商店而言至关重要，正因如此，他们愿意，也才有能力去支付极为高昂的土地租金，他们通过建造许多店面将场地的潜力价值最大化。然而，随着与核心区距离的增大，商业愿意支付的租金迅速下降。 土地越远离中心商务区，交通联系变得越为不便，市场效应也渐弱，对于产业的吸引力随之减弱。但居民可以在这些地方购置土地，因为户主并不非常依赖这些因素，而且土地价格下降（与核心区域相比），使他们有能力负担的起。土地越远离核心区域，价格越便宜，这也是市中心平民区（多居住于平房、公寓和高层）人口密度极高，而郊区和农村（多居住于半独立住宅，独立住宅）的人口密度更低的原因。 本文来源：https://www.dywdw.cn/f73b4bafa58da0116c17498f.html
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2022-04-19
