if 与 whether 的区别

2023-02-25 01:01:38   第一文档网     [ 字体: ] [ 阅读: ] [ 文档下载 ]
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#第一文档网# 导语】以下是®第一文档网的小编为您整理的《if 与 whether 的区别》,欢迎阅读!
区别,whether

一、whetherif都可以用作连词,引导一个名词性从句,表示是否whether可以引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句;if只能引导宾语从句。 1.引导宾语从句既可以用whether,也可以用if,两者常可以互换。whether从正反两个方面提出疑问,选择意义较强,多用于正式文体中;if多用于口语,比较强调单方面,如:

He asked me whether / if I could lend him my bike.

Could you tell us whether / if it snows in winter in Australia? I want to know whether / if you can come or not

She asked them whether / if they had gone there by car or by train. 值得注意的是:

whether if都可以和or not连用,但是whether之后可以直接跟or notif则不能,如:

I don’t care whether or not your car breaks down. I don’t know whether or not he’s coming. 但是不可以说:

I don’t care if or not your car breaks down.

whether引导的从句一般不可以为否定结构(选择问句的后一部分除外);if则可以跟否定结构,如: I don’t care if she doesn’t come. I don’t care if it doesn’t rain.

但是,在某些动词或形容词之后,则可以用whether引导一个否定结构的句子,这种结构往往表示肯定的含义,如:

I wonder whether he doesn’t think too much of himself. 其意思相当于:I think he does think too much of himself.

在个别动词之后,discuss 等,只跟用whether引导的宾语从句,如: They discussed whether they should close the shop. We discussed whether Mary could join us.

whether 可以引导从句作介词的宾语,而if则不能,如: I’m not interested in whether they’ll go or not.

It depends on whether we have got enough money.

whether可以直接跟动词不定式连用,而if则不能,如: I didn’t know whether to laugh or to cry. She hasn’t decided whether to go or not.

He was wondering whether to go home or stay at school.

2.引导主语从句(包括从句在句首的位置)应当用whether,不用if,如: Whether it is true remains a problem.

Whether he can stay with us is another matter. Whether he will come, I am not sure. Whether or not he did it, I cannot tell.

3.引导表语从句用whether,不用if,如: The question is whether you should accept it.

The question is whether he will speak at the meeting. 4.引导同位语从句用whether,不用if,如:


The question whether he’ll attend the meeting is essential.

I am in doubt whether I should agree to the plan.

二、whether 还可以引导让步状语从句,意为不管;无论;而if则不能引导这种从句,如:

I shall tell her about it whether you agree or not.

Whether or not the figures are accurate, we have to recheck them.

Whether or not we had a baby, we could not survive just on my salary.

三、if还可以引导条件状语从句,意为如果;假如,而whether则不能引导这种从句,如:

We shall do this experiment if we have time.

四、如果在从句中使用if表示是否容易与表示条件的状语从句混淆时,应注意避免使用if例如:Please let us know if they are coming. 这句话可以理解为果他们要来,请通知我们一下。也可以理解为请告诉我们,他们是否要来。若表示后一层意思,应当使用,以免引起误会。




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