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Global warming Global warming means increasing average surface temperatures of earth. Global warming is attributed to increasing greenhouse gas emissions. Over the past 100 years, the global average temperature has increased by approximately 0.6 °C and is projected to continue to rise at a rapid rate. Climate models project that at current rates of population growth and greenhouse gas emissions earth surface temperatures will increase in the range of 1.6 up to 5.8°C by end of this century. Although species have responded to climatic changes throughout their evolutionary history, a primary concern for wild species and their ecosystems is this rapid rate of change. While ecologists involved in management or policy often are advised to learn to deal with uncertainty, there are a number of components of global environmental change of which we are certain-certain that they are going on, and certain that they are human-caused. Some of these are largely ecological changes, and all have important ecological consequences. Three of the well-documented global changes are: increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere; alterations in the biogeochemistry of the global nitrogen cycle; and ongoing land use/land cover change. The continued increase in the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide due to anthropogenic emissions is predicted to lead to significant changes in climate. About half of the current emissions are being absorbed by the ocean and by land ecosystems, but this absorption is sensitive to climate as well as to atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, creating a feedback loop. About 85% of our energy comes from fossil fuels, a finite resource unevenly distributed beneath the Earth's surface. Reserves of fossil fuels are progressively decreasing, and their continued use produces harmful effects such as pollution that threatens human health and greenhouse gases associated with global warming. Prompt global action to solve the energy crisis is therefore needed. To pursue such an action, we are urged to save energy and to use energy in more efficient ways, but we are also forced to find alternative energy sources. A future of renewable energy as a primary source for the world’s energy society can no longer be ignored. Such as solar energy,it has an enormous potential as a clean, abun-dant, and economical energy source. As fossil fuel supplies diminish and the cost of atomic energy continues to rise, while there is no safe and well-documented solution to the deposition of nuclear waste, renewable energy can step in to provide feasible alternatives to energy demands. Renewables do pose significant challenges especially in addressing the fluctuating power supply that is inherent in their nature. Solar energy has an enormous potential as a clean, abun-dant, and economical energy source, but cannot be employedas such; it must be captured and converted into useful formsof energy. 太阳能有巨大的潜力，作为清洁、丰富和经济的能源，但不能被雇佣，它必须被捕获并转化为有用的能源形式。 全球变暖是指地球表面平均温度增加。全球变暖的主要原因之一是增加温室气体的排放。在过去的100年里，全球平均气温上升了大约0.6摄氏度，预计将继续快速上升。候模型项目,在目前的人口增长速度和温室气体排放地球表面温度将增加1.6到5.8°C的范围由本世纪的结束。尽管物种在进化过程中对气候变化作出了反应，但野生物种及其生态系统的主要关注点是这种快速的变化。而生态学家参与管理或政策建议经常学会处理不确定性,有许多组件的全球环境变化我们一定一定发生,和某些人为。这些在很大程度上是生态变化,具有重要的生态后果。三个证据确凿的全球变化是:大气中二氧化碳浓度增加;在全球氮循环的生物地球化学变化;和正在进行的土地利用/土地覆盖变化.。。由于人为排放导致大气中二氧化碳浓度的持续增加，预计将导致气候的重大变化。目前约有一半的排放量被海洋和陆地生态系统吸收，但这种吸收对气候和大气二氧化碳浓度都很敏感，形成了一个反馈回路。我们大约85%的能量来自于化石燃料，这是一种分布在地球表面之下的有限资源。化石燃料的储量正在逐渐减少，而且它们的持续使用会产生有害的影响，如污染威胁人类健康和与全球变暖有关的温室气体。因此，需要立即采取全球行动来解决能源危机。为了采取这样的行动，我们敦促我们节约能源，以更有效的方式使用能源，但我们也被迫寻找替代能源可再生能源作为世界能源社会的主要来源的未来不能再被忽视了。 随着化石燃料供应的减少和原子能成本的持续上升，虽然没有安全可靠的方法来解决核废料的沉积问题，可再生能源也可以为能源需求提供可行的替代方案。可再生能源确实带来了巨大的挑战，尤其是在应对其自然固有的波动电力供应方面。 本文来源：https://www.dywdw.cn/534e3cb1793e0912a21614791711cc7930b7786d.html
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2023-04-30
