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汉唐文化 The Culture of Han- Tang Dynasties A morning-rain has settled the dust in Weicheng. Willows are green again in the tavern door yard. 渭城朝雨浥轻尘，客舍青青柳色新。 Han Dynasty and Tang Dynasty 汉朝与唐朝 The Han Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD) was an imperial dynasty of China, preceded(先于)by the Qin Dynasty (221-207 BC) and succeeded by the Three Kingdoms (220-280 AD). It was founded by the rebel leader Liu Bang, known posthumously(于死后)as Emperor Gaozu of Han. Spanning over four centuries, the period of the Han Dynasty is considered a golden age in Chinese history. To this day, China's majority (多数)ethnic group refers to itself as the "Han people" and the Chinese script is referred to as "Han characters". Science and technology during the Han period took significant advances, including papermaking, the nautical steering rudder (舵), the use of negative numbers in mathematics, the raised-relief map, the hydraulic-powered armillary sphere for astronomy and inverted pendulum(钟摆)seismometer(地震仪). The Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD) was an imperial dynasty of China, preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. It was founded by the Li family, who seized power during the decline and collapse of the Sui Empire. Chinese culture flourished (繁荣) and further matured during the Tang era; it is considered the greatest age for Chinese poetry. Two of China’s most famous poets, Li Bai and Du Fu, belonged to this age. Besides political hegemony(霸权), the Tang also exerted a powerful cultural influence over neighboring states such as those in Korea, Japan, and Vietnam. The Silk Road was the most important pre-modern Eurasian trade route. The Tang Dynasty established a second Pax Sinica, and the Silk Road reached its golden age, whereby Persian and Sogdian merchants benefited from the commerce between East and West. At the same time, the Chinese empire welcomed foreign cultures making it very cosmopolitan(国际化) in its urban centers. 阅读参考：汉朝（公元前206一公元220）是中国的一个帝国王朝，前承秦代（公元前221一前207），后接三国时代（220—280年）。汉朝由起义军领袖刘邦建立，他死后被称为汉高祖。 汉朝跨越了四个世纪，被认为是中国历史上的黄金时代。直到今天，中国人口最多的民族自称为“汉族”，中国的文字被称为“汉字”。 汉朝期间，科技得到了显著进步，发明了造纸术、航海转向舵、数学 中开始使用负数，绘制了立体地形图，发明了用于天文研究的液压动力浑天仪和采用倒立摆的地震仪。 唐朝（618-907年）是紧随朝之后、五代十国之前的一个中国封建王朝。唐朝的建国者李氏家族，在隋朝不断走向衰退和即将崩溃的时候夺取了政权并建立了唐朝。 唐朝时期，中国文化繁荣鼎盛，日趋成熟，也是中国诗歌的鼎盛时期。 中国许多著名诗人，包括李白和杜甫，都属于这个朝代。除了政治霸权，唐朝对韩国、日本、越南等邻国文化也产生了极大影响。 “丝绸之路”是最重要的古代欧亚贸易路线。唐朝再次建立了“中国帝国”，“丝绸之路”也达到黄金时代，波斯商人和索格代亚纳商人在贸易中受益。同时，中国融合外国文化，促进了城市的国际化。 本文来源：https://www.dywdw.cn/8a57938529160b4e767f5acfa1c7aa00b52a9d81.html
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2022-07-28
