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. 近东文明对西方文明的贡献 As the old western proverb “Ex oriente lux”suggested,the Ancient Near East civilization had a great influence on western civilization including religion,science,art,literature and writing system.The Mesopotamian and Egypti -an civilization laid foundation for western civilization,and other nations like Hebrew,also make contributions to western civilization. Western religion and myths are deeply affected by the Ancient Near East civilization.For example,Greece,which is the source of western civilization,its religion and the Ancient Near East civilization share plenty of similarities,both are polytheism.Mesopotamian creation of religion provided foundation for the western religion.And Hebrews' refinement of religious concepts and their judgment to new historical situation led ultimately to the contribution to the history of the world,Judaism.What’s more their concept of prophet became the basis for major religious system in the future,especially Christianity and Islam. The science and technology of the Ancient Near East civilization has a profound influence on western civilization.Sumerians' lunar calendar became one of the treasures of the western civilization.Mesopotamians' time reckoning system based on seven-day week was adopted by Roman calendar,and their counting system which is able to add,subtract,multiple and divide,became the elementary knowledge in modern life.The Egyptians' calendar which was amended by Caesar is world-widely used by now,and their methods to calculate areas and volumes,some surgical techniques and medical methods are adopted till now.In terms of writing system,the alphabet used in western world originated from Egyptian alphabet system,and Greece inherited the Ancient Near East writing system.As for literature, western literature was influenced by the Ancient Near East literature in material,form and style.For example,Homer’s epic was influenced by the Mesopotamian epic The Epic of Gilgamesh.Besides,the Egyptian law directly influenced the law of Ancient Greece.Alexander in Ancient Greece inherited the Mesopotamian form of government. All in all,the Ancient Near civilization is the glistening treasure of human civilization in the river if history,and it has all-round impact on western civilization.The Mesopotamian and Egyptian civilization laid foundation for western civilization,they left detailed records that allow us to view how they grappled with three of the fundamental problems that humans have pondered: the nature of human relationships, the nature of the universe, and the role of divine forces in the cosmos. Human history began with these civilizations. . 本文来源：https://www.dywdw.cn/d88e455bb968a98271fe910ef12d2af90242a895.html
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2022-03-29
