【#第一文档网# 导语】以下是®第一文档网的小编为您整理的《现在完成时态》，欢迎阅读！
学习好资料 欢迎下载 现在完成时态 一、现在完成时的结构： 助动词 have / has + 动词的过去分词 ( done ) 其中 have / has 为助动词,因而它的否定和疑问句形式全部由 have / has 进行变化。 例如: a. I have already finished my homework. (already（已经)用于肯定句) 否定句：____________________________________________________ 一般疑问句：________________________________________________? b. His father has been to Beijing three times. 他父亲去过北京三次了。 否定句：____________________________________________________. 一般疑问句：________________________________________________? 提问：______________________________________________________? 二、现在完成时的"完成用法" A、定义：现在完成时的"完成用法"指的是动作发生在过去某一时刻并已结束，但该动作对现在产生了影响，与现在情况具有因果关系。 例如：He has turned off the light. ( 动作结束于过去，但说明的是现在的情况--灯现在不亮了。) B、特点：现在完成时"完成用法"的特点是动作不延续，因此，该时态只能与表示不定的过去时间状语(如：already，yet，before，just, recently等)、频度时间状语(如：never，ever，once，twice等)、包括现在时刻在内的时间状语(如：this morning ／ month ／year...，today等)连用。 例如： Have you found your pen yet？ 你已找到你的钢笔了吗？ 请尝试着做以下的练习 用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. I_______ already _______ (see) the film. I __________ (see) it last week. 2. ----- _______ he _________(finish) his work today ? ------Not yet . 3. -----_______you _________(be) to Hong Kong ? ----Yes, I _______________ (be) there twice . 4. -----_______ you ever ________(eat ) chocolate sundaes ? ----No, never. 5. My father _______ just __________ (come) back from work. He is tired now. 6. Where’ Li Ming ? He ______________ (go) to the teacher’s office. 7. Shanghai ___________ (be) a small town hundreds of years ago. Now it ____________ (become) a large city. 8. --- I ___________ (see) the film “2012”. --- Where and when ________ you _______ (see) it? --- Last week. 9. Mary _________ already __________ (have) her supper. 10. I ____________ (not want) to see the film. I ___________ (see) it with my parents. We _________ (see) it last Sunday. 11. ---______ Uncle Wang ______ (mend) the TV yet? ---Yes, he______. ---When _____ he _____ it? --- Yesterday. 12. ______ you _______ (read) today’s newspaper yet? 13. ---______ you ________ (see) the film last night? ---No, I ___________ (see) it for several times. 2. have gone to和have been to的区别和用法 have gone to意为“到某地去”，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一人称、第二人称代词作句子的主语。如： —Where is Jim？———吉姆在哪里？—He has gone to England．———他去英国了。（尚未回来） Mr Wang isn't here．He has gone to Qingdao．王先生不在这里。他去青岛了。 have been to意为“曾经去过某地”，现在已不在那里了，后可接次数，如once，twice，three times等，表示“去过某地几次”，也可和 just，never，ever等连用。如： My father has been to Beijing twice．我父亲去过北京两次。 I have never been to the GREat Wall．我从未去过长城。 学习好资料 欢迎下载 3. 现在完成时的"未完成用法" A、定义：现在完成时的"未完成用法"指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去。 例如：He has lived here since 1978. 自从1978年以来，他一直住在这儿。 I have been in the army for more than 5 years. 我在部队已经呆了五年多了。 B、特点：此种用法的句中常需一个表示一段时间的状语(由since或for引导)，或表示与现在时刻相连的时间状语(如：up to now，so far到目前为止)等。 I have heard nothing from him up to now. 到目前为止我没有他的任何消息。 注意：(1) 现在完成时的未完成用法只适用于延续性动词，不可用于终止性动词，即瞬间完成或延续时间很短的动词。如：come，go，arrive，leave，join，become，die等。 (2 ) 现在完成时常见两种句型：主语＋have / has been＋for 短语/ since 短语 例如： He has been in the League for three years. 他入团已三年了。 请尝试着做以下的练习 1. I _____________ (work) here since 1999. 2. ---How long ______ the Smiths ________(stay)here? ---- For two weeks. 3. She ____________ (be) ill for three days. 4. She____________ (not read) this book before. 5. ____ you ever __________ (travel) on a train before? 6. --- ____ Wei Hua ________ (come) yet? ---Yes. She_______ (come) already. She ______ (come) just now. 7. --How long _____you __________(learn) English? ---For more than two years. 8. I________ already _________ (see) the film. I _________ (see) it last week. 9. ______ you _______(be) to Hong Kong ? Yes, I ___________ (be) there twice . 10. My father ________ just ________ (come) back from work. He is tired now. 11. How long _______ the Wangs _________(stay) here ? For two weeks. (3)、for 和 since 的区别。 a. for 和表示一段时间的词组连用。eg. for six hours/nine days/ two weeks/thirty years b. since 和表示过去某一时刻的词或词组连用，这是介词。 eg. since nine o’clock this morning / last summer/ three weeks ago/September since 还可以引导时间状语从句，表示“自从…..以来”，这是连词。 eg. 自从他出生以来，他就住在这儿。He has lived here since he was born. ______ three months ______ two weeks ago, _______ 1998, ______last Sunday 二、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 1. 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作。说话的侧重点只在于陈述一件过去的事情，不强调对"现在"产生的影响。如： He visited Guilin in 1998.他1998年参观过桂林。(只说明去桂林的时间) 2. 现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成了影响或产生了结果。不与确定的过去时间状语连用。如： Jill has bought a new computer.吉尔买了一台新电脑。(着重点是现在有了一台新电脑) 3. 两种时态的区分 (1)一般过去时的谓语动词用过去式，而现在完成时的谓语基本构成是"助动词have /has +过去分词"。如：The film started at 7 o’clock. He has been a teacher for many years. (2) 一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday, last week, two years ago, just now, in 2002等；而现在完成时则常与just, already, ever, never等副词和these days, this week, since..., for...等表示一段时间的状语连用。 本文来源：https://www.dywdw.cn/fdff7d52ba4cf7ec4afe04a1b0717fd5370cb232.html
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2023-03-25
