各词性后缀标志

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词性,后缀,标志

各词性后缀标志

1. 名词后缀

1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis:做某件事情或职业的人或物:worker, debtor 2)-acy, 表示/性质,状态,境遇/ democracy, accuracy, diplomacy

3)-ance, -ence// importance, diligence, difference, obedience

4)-ancy, -ency, 表示/性质,状态,行为,过程/ frequency, urgency, efficiency 5)-bility, 表示/动作,性质,状态/ possibility, flexibility, feasibility 6)-dom, 表示/等级,领域,状态/ freedom, kingdom, wisdom

7)-hood, 表示/资格,身份,年纪,状态/ childhood, manhood, falsehood

8)-ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, // action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression, correction

9)-ism, // socialism, criticism, colloquialism, heroism

10)-ity, 表示/性质,状态,程度/ purity, reality, ability, calamity

11)-ment, / treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument

12)-ness, 表示/性质,状态,程度/ goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness 13)-ship, // hardship, membership, friendship

14)-th, 表示/动作,性质,过程,状态/ depth, wealth, truth, length, growth 15)-tude, 表示/性质,状态,程度/ latitude, altitude(海拔)

16)-ure, 表示/行为,结果/ exposure, pressure, failure, procedure(手续) 17-grapy, 表示/……学,写法/ biography, calligraphy, geography


18)-ic, ics, 表示/…………/ logic, mechanics, electronics, linguistics 19)-ology, 表示/…………/biology, zoology, technology(工艺学) 20)-nomy, 表示/…………/ astronomy, economy, bionomy(生态学) 2. 形容词后缀

1)-able, -ible, visible, flexible

2)名词-ish, foolish, bookish, selfish(注意accomplish, vanish) 3)-ive, active, sensitive, productive 4)-like, manlike, childlike

5)名词-ly, manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly 6)-some, troublesome, handsome

7)-ful, beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful

8)-ous, dangerous, generous, courageous, various 9)-ent, violent

10)-most, foremost, topmost

11)-less, 表示否定 countless, stainless, wireless 3. 动词后缀

1)-ize, ise, 表示/做成,变成,……/ modernize, mechanize, democratize, organize 2)-en, 表示/使成为,引起,使有/ quicken, weaken, soften, harden 3)-fy, 表示/使……化,使成/ beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify 4)-ish, 表示/使,令/ finish, abolish, diminish, establish 5)-ate, 表示/成为……,处理,作用/ separate, operate, indicate 4. 副词后缀

(形容词)-lybad→badly坏地,恶劣地,careful→carefully小心地

-wise(OE)clock→clockwise(a./adv.)顺时针方向的(); like→likewise同样地 -wardsout→outwards向外面地,north→northwards向北方地


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